Key Terms

continuity- continuity to continue, to make sure things are continuous.

may things cause continuity errors- shots/angles, props/costume and lighting.

continuity editing is the most common type of editing which aims to create a sense of reality and time moving forward.

also mown as invisible editing referring to how the technique does not draw attention to editing process but allows the audience to concentrate on narrative

Techniques, rule of continuity editing;

180 degree angle: purpose is to orientate the viewer, to establish the placement of character breaking the 180 rule will place the character in a different place.

match on action(match cuts)- multiple cuts shown as one continuous action or scene, is part of invisible editing which creates flow when watching the scene the audience will know it as one action e.g fight scene.

shot reverse shot- when a shot goes from A-B,A-B it is continuously back and fourth back and fourth there is a connection between them. it is often used in conversations so you see what both characters are saying. it is a form of eye-line matching if the character is looking at someone and there next shot is what they look at.

shot rebel shot- 
eye-line match- shot A character is looking off screen- shot B what character is looking at
is a following shot that follows what character is looking at, makes cutes smoother the audience excepts the cut to happen and is eager to see what happens next/ what the character sees.

cross cutting or parallel editing- technique of continuously alliterating 2 or more sciences that often happen simultaneously ( at the same time0 but in different locations. as they cross, pace gradually gets faster and fast and tension builds. often the parallel scenes will intersect to create a climax.

insert shot- insert shot a part of a scene as filmed from a different ante and or focal length from the master shot, but emphasise a different aspect of that action due to  the different farming. an insert differs from a cutaway cover action not covered in the master shot e.g closeup of gun fighter, insert of hand quivering above the holster etc.

cutaway- is a video scene the cuts away to relent images or footage, often used in documentaries or in film when a vital piece of information is needed to show the audience. usually the dialogue or voice will continue during the cut away.

pace - slow : to make calm/ still little number of shots or to make them pay attention to detail, romantic films

medium- normal and comfortable, average number of shots could show realism ,comedy films

fast- intense exciting and thrilling short shots, action films

Time- story of time- time of the events (ex  film over 50 years…)
discourse time - time taken to narrate the event.

summary- discourse shorter than the story e.g film takes place over 50 years but shown in 2 hours

ellipsis- establishing discourse ime rater than story e.g SHOT 1: man out of bed SHOT 2 : man in shower SHOT 3 man getting dressed SHOT 4: man driving to work ….. the audience can fill in the gaps.

scence-story and discourse time are equal  o show realism e.g. soap opera which shows a scenic in 5 minutes which is actually 5 mins

Stretch- discourse is longer than story e.g scene in ac where it is in slow motion to show  runner wining and to capture the emotion.

flash back - character has a flash back which is a thought or memory in the past e.g hunger games when  kay is thinking about peeta at the dinner table.

flash forward - when audience are shown the future scenes  or events.

time allocation- remember the audience will not see everything things are edited in order they get to see what is important.

transitions- straight cutting- to show realism in conversation

graphic match- when tom sots match graphically, often with a overlap transition.

overlap or dissolve- makes a softer transition to show ellipsis or time passing

wipe - often used to show new day or new scene

fade in/ out -often used to communicate ending or beginning

flash- to show flash backs or flash forward

Special effects: b&w
 contrast
 colour
 animation
 CGL- computer generated images
 fast forward/ slow motion
ghost trail- see multiple actions to show someone drunk or on drugs
blur 

Montage editing 

montage editing is a serious montage which is a series of show that are not in sequential order, or relate to each other.

The Last kings of Scotland Question and Answer

As the sequence begins, what sounds do we her before the music begins? 

• As the sequence begins you hear diegetic, ambient noise before the music starts the sound is mixture of light wind and rustling keys. 

As the music begins we only see nichola's face, not what he sees. how is the music used to indicate that all is not well? 

• the music indicates he is not well as it builds up and increases in volume the violins stringing long notes adds to the suspense this indication of unsettling behaviour is also shown by the shots used in this scene we can see a side profile, close up of his face which also adds to the suspense

How does the music change as he picks up the photograph?what mood or emotion is suggested?

• when he picks up the photo the music changes from string instruments to brass instruments creating depth the low pitch in the music adds a sock factor to the science this combined with the over the shoulder shot in turn creates a complete seriousness to the whole scene.

As he notices the envelope. how does he music indicate that it is unlikely to contain good news ? 

• as he picks up the letter the music slows down completely almost to a pint were you can no longer hear it. then as he brings the envelope closer to himself the music suddenly builds up cadenza like this is usual to have mid way through a piece typically the movement is only used at the end of the piece. 

How does the music change as he opens the envelope and discovers his new Ugandan passport? what does the music tell us about nicholas' feelings? 

• as he sees this the tone of the music deepens they do this by focusing on the mound coming from a brass instrument possibly the horn this combined with the double bass cello and violin adds to the low pitch and tone. this music tells us that is is  unsettled and or troubled by seeing this passport 

The image changes to blurred headlamps. a new style of music is heard try to describe this music as he gets to the door

• the music changes to a divertimento piece this agains is adding suspense combined with the blurred headlamps is telling the view the characters mindset is troubled and upset. the combinations of the strings prolonging there note is once again creating suspense.